Biffa energy from waste facility

Energy from waste

Biffa recovers energy from contaminated or unrecyclable waste. Energy recovery offers a cost-effective, low-carbon option that contributes to the UK’s energy security.

Converting waste to energy 

Although Biffa reuses or recycles the overwhelming majority of the waste we collect, it’s not possible for us to treat all of it. Instead of sending it to landfill, we can use it to recover energy. Energy recovery from waste is important to energy security, providing around 3% of the UK’s electricity needs. It also helps us to enable the circular economy, by decreasing the reliance on exporting waste, while recovering metals and aggregates for recycling from the ashes. The heat generated by the facilities is also captured and used for district heating schemes and commercial applications. 

Energy and biogas

The remaining waste, where possible, is used to recover energy in 3 ways:

Food that cannot be consumed is processed through our Anaerobic Digestion facilities to produce biogas
Material that cannot be recycled or reused is incinerated to recover electricity
Methane is captured from closed landfill sites and exported to power grids
Biffa's facility for converting waste into energy
The benefits of turning waste into energy
By turning waste into energy, we reduce CO2 emissions. The carbon saved from energy recovery compared to landfill is 0.05 tonnes of CO2e per tonne of residual waste. Over the course of a year, that’s a saving of 37,500 tonnes of CO2e – equivalent to the energy generated emissions from 4,700 homes or 8,000 fossil fuel-powered cars. 
Biffa's energy from waste plant
An infrastructure that helps you reduce costs
By using our extensive infrastructure, we can provide local authorities and organisations of all sizes with an end-to-end service that increases efficiencies and reduces costs. What’s more, with less waste making it to landfill, we can reduce your landfill tax obligations.

How the process works

Anaerobic digestion process at Biffa's energy from waste plant

Anaerobic digestion

Anaerobic digestion takes food and green waste and breaks it down in air-tight digesters. This process generates biogas in the form of methane, which can be burned to recover electricity. By burning this methane, we also prevent it from entering into the atmosphere.
Incineration process at Biffa's energy from waste plant

Incineration

Once everything that can be reused or recycled is removed, we can burn what’s left in tightly controlled conditions to recover energy. By burning waste, known as Refuse Devised Fuel, we reduce the amount that gets put into landfill or needs exporting for treatment. 
Biffa's landfill site for capturing methane

Landfill

Methane is captured from closed landfill sites and exported to power grids. Methane is a harmful greenhouse gas, and capturing it stops it going into the atmosphere. Currently we capture over 85% of methane from our closed landfill sites.